CYBER-CRIME LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT CHALLENGES IN EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Cybercrime has become one of the most significant threats to governance, financial stability, and digital trust across Africa, particularly in developing economies such as Nigeria. Despite the enactment of the Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, etc.) Act 2015, enforcement outcomes remain weak at both federal and sub-national levels. This study examines cybercrime legislation and enforcement challenges in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, using a qualitative doctrinal design, however quantitative survey (CEES) with SPSS was also used to evaluate the results, and conclusions. The study draws on responses from law enforcement officers, legal practitioners, ICT users, and academics. Findings indicate that enforcement effectiveness is significantly constrained by inadequate digital infrastructure, limited technical capacity, weak inter-agency coordination, and jurisdictional ambiguities between federal and state authorities. Statistical evidence from SPSS analysis further shows that digital infrastructure and technical capacity are the strongest predictors of enforcement effectiveness. The study concludes that legislative frameworks alone are insufficient without strong institutional capacity and recommends enhanced cybersecurity infrastructure, specialized cybercrime units at state level, and improved training for law enforcement agencies in Nigeria.